The
Impact of Youth Migration in International Development
Dini Fuadillah
Sofyan
email:dini_sofyan@rocketmail.com
Nowadays, youth migration has been a
new topic in international discussion. International migration is the movement
of people from a country to other countries. The migration of population is the
people movement to settle in new administrative place. Migration is closely
related to population displacement. Further, there are two kinds of population
displacement; the first is vertical displacement, for example the moving of the
human status of low class to middle class, from a low rank to a higher rank, or
vice versa. The second is horizontal displacement like the people movement from
one place to another. The second population displacement is commonly called as
migration.
Population
mobility or migration is a vital component of the population (demography), in
addition to fertility and mortality. Compared to fertility and mortality, migration
is a component of population that has inter-connection with various other
aspects of society, such as aspects of social, economic, politics and culture.
For example the case of population mobility impacts toward political policy of
government for immigrants.
Migration
has great political impacts. The political impact of migration is not direct
and linear, but always through the setting and context, which are often
complex. The setting and the context in which the impact of migration on
political will, strongly influenced by the political system. Patterns and trends
of migration is also determined by how the political system is in a states. The
transmigration program which shows the existence of population mobility by
country settings is determined from the dominant political system by the
authoritarian and centralistic. Meanwhile, the pattern of spontaneous migration
happens in a democratic political system-decentralists. Thus it can be
concluded that the complexity of the relationship between migration and
politics does not take place in one direction but rather a reciprocal. It is
the nexus migration-politics. In fact, a population policy should be able to
restore the vision of the country that puts the population as citizens
(citizen) who have rights, including the right to migrate, the right to housing
and a decent job, wherever he is. The development of identity politics based on
ethnicity and religion in the era of decentralization and regional autonomy
needs to be prevented because it against the human being rights to have equal
status regardless of background, ethnicity, religion, gender and origin of the
area of origin. Democracy and decentralization, in the perspective of
population, should be a means to develop participatory demographics, which
gives freedom and responsibility of the Government and citizens to jointly
enhance the economic prosperity and social justice. The migration can give the
negative and positive impact for the country, the social, the development of
economic, politic, human resources, culture, education and so on. Therefore, it
is youth’s homework to create solution for anticipating the negative impact of
migration in world society.
